Yesaya 11:10-16
Konteks11:10 At that time 1 a root from Jesse 2 will stand like a signal flag for the nations. Nations will look to him for guidance, 3 and his residence will be majestic. 11:11 At that time 4 the sovereign master 5 will again lift his hand 6 to reclaim 7 the remnant of his people 8 from Assyria, Egypt, Pathros, 9 Cush, 10 Elam, Shinar, 11 Hamath, and the seacoasts. 12
11:12 He will lift a signal flag for the nations;
he will gather Israel’s dispersed people 13
and assemble Judah’s scattered people
from the four corners of the earth.
11:13 Ephraim’s jealousy will end, 14
and Judah’s hostility 15 will be eliminated.
Ephraim will no longer be jealous of Judah,
and Judah will no longer be hostile toward Ephraim.
11:14 They will swoop down 16 on the Philistine hills to the west; 17
together they will loot the people of the east.
They will take over Edom and Moab, 18
and the Ammonites will be their subjects.
11:15 The Lord will divide 19 the gulf 20 of the Egyptian Sea; 21
he will wave his hand over the Euphrates River 22 and send a strong wind, 23
he will turn it into seven dried-up streams, 24
and enable them to walk across in their sandals.
11:16 There will be a highway leading out of Assyria
for the remnant of his people, 25
just as there was for Israel,
when 26 they went up from the land of Egypt.
Yesaya 24:17-23
Konteks24:17 Terror, pit, and snare
are ready to overtake you inhabitants of the earth! 27
24:18 The one who runs away from the sound of the terror
will fall into the pit; 28
the one who climbs out of the pit,
will be trapped by the snare.
For the floodgates of the heavens 29 are opened up 30
and the foundations of the earth shake.
24:19 The earth is broken in pieces,
the earth is ripped to shreds,
the earth shakes violently. 31
24:20 The earth will stagger around 32 like a drunk;
it will sway back and forth like a hut in a windstorm. 33
Its sin will weigh it down,
and it will fall and never get up again.
24:21 At that time 34 the Lord will punish 35
the heavenly forces in the heavens 36
and the earthly kings on the earth.
24:22 They will be imprisoned in a pit, 37
locked up in a prison,
and after staying there for a long time, 38 they will be punished. 39
24:23 The full moon will be covered up, 40
the bright sun 41 will be darkened; 42
for the Lord who commands armies will rule 43
on Mount Zion in Jerusalem 44
in the presence of his assembly, in majestic splendor. 45
Yesaya 49:22-26
Konteks49:22 This is what the sovereign Lord says:
“Look I will raise my hand to the nations;
I will raise my signal flag to the peoples.
They will bring your sons in their arms
and carry your daughters on their shoulders.
49:23 Kings will be your children’s 46 guardians;
their princesses will nurse your children. 47
With their faces to the ground they will bow down to you
and they will lick the dirt on 48 your feet.
Then you will recognize that I am the Lord;
those who wait patiently for me are not put to shame.
49:24 Can spoils be taken from a warrior,
or captives be rescued from a conqueror? 49
49:25 Indeed,” says the Lord,
“captives will be taken from a warrior;
spoils will be rescued from a conqueror.
I will oppose your adversary
and I will rescue your children.
49:26 I will make your oppressors eat their own flesh;
they will get drunk on their own blood, as if it were wine. 50
Then all humankind 51 will recognize that
I am the Lord, your deliverer,
[11:10] 1 tn Or “in that day” (KJV). The verb that introduces this verse serves as a discourse particle and is untranslated; see note on “in the future” in 2:2.
[11:10] 2 sn See the note at v. 1.
[11:10] 3 tn Heb “ a root from Jesse, which stands for a signal flag of the nations, of him nations will inquire” [or “seek”].
[11:11] 4 tn Or “in that day” (KJV). The verb that introduces this verse serves as a discourse particle and is untranslated; see note on “in the future” in 2:2.
[11:11] 5 tn The Hebrew term translated “sovereign master” here is אֲדֹנָי (’adonai).
[11:11] 6 tc The Hebrew text reads, “the sovereign master will again, a second time, his hand.” The auxiliary verb יוֹסִיף (yosif), which literally means “add,” needs a main verb to complete it. Consequently many emend שֵׁנִית (shenit, “a second time”) to an infinitive. Some propose the form שַׁנֹּת (shannot, a Piel infinitive construct from שָׁנָה, shanah) and relate it semantically to an Arabic cognate meaning “to be high.” If the Hebrew text is retained a verb must be supplied. “Second time” would allude back to the events of the Exodus (see vv. 15-16).
[11:11] 7 tn Or “acquire”; KJV, ASV, NASB, NRSV “recover.”
[11:11] 8 tn Heb “the remnant of his people who remain.”
[11:11] 9 sn Perhaps a reference to Upper (i.e., southern) Egypt (so NIV, NLT; NCV “South Egypt”).
[11:11] 10 tn Or “Ethiopia” (NAB, NRSV, NLT).
[11:11] 11 tn Or “Babylonia” (NIV, NCV, TEV, NLT).
[11:11] 12 tn Or perhaps, “the islands of the sea.”
[11:12] 13 tn Or “the banished of Israel,” i.e., the exiles.
[11:13] 14 tn Heb “turn aside”; KJV, NASB, NRSV “depart.”
[11:13] 15 tn Heb “hostile ones of Judah.” Elsewhere when the substantival participle of צָרָר (tsarar) takes a pronominal suffix or appears in a construct relationship, the following genitive is objective. (For a list of texts see BDB 865 s.v. III צָרַר) In this case the phrase “hostile ones of Judah” means “those who are hostile toward Judah,” i.e., Judah’s enemies. However, the parallel couplet that follows suggests that Judah’s hostility toward Ephraim is in view. In this case “hostile ones of Judah” means “hostile ones from Judah.” The translation above assumes the latter, giving the immediate context priority over general usage.
[11:14] 16 tn Heb “fly.” Ephraim/Judah are compared to a bird of prey.
[11:14] 17 tn Heb “on the shoulder of Philistia toward the sea.” This refers to the slopes of the hill country west of Judah. See HALOT 506 s.v. כָּתֵף.
[11:14] 18 tn Heb “Edom and Moab [will be the place of] the outstretching of their hand,” i.e., included in their area of jurisdiction (see HALOT 648 s.v. ח(וֹ)מִשְׁלֹ).
[11:15] 19 tn The verb is usually understood as “put under the ban, destroy,” or emended to חָרָב (kharav, “dry up”). However, HALOT 354 s.v. II חרם proposes a homonymic root meaning “divide.”
[11:15] 20 tn Heb “tongue” (so KJV, NAB, NASB, NRSV).
[11:15] 21 sn That is, the Red Sea.
[11:15] 22 tn Heb “the river”; capitalized in some English versions (e.g., ASV, NASB, NRSV) as a reference to the Euphrates River.
[11:15] 23 tn Heb “with the [?] of his wind” [or “breath”]. The Hebrew term עַיָם (’ayam) occurs only here. Some attempt to relate the word to an Arabic root and translate, “scorching [or “hot”] wind.” This interpretation fits especially well if one reads “dry up” in the previous line. Others prefer to emend the form to עֹצֶם (’otsem, “strong”). See HALOT 817 s.v. עֲצַם.
[11:15] 24 tn Heb “seven streams.” The Hebrew term נַחַל (nakhal, “stream”) refers to a wadi, or seasonal stream, which runs during the rainy season, but is otherwise dry. The context (see v. 15b) here favors the translation, “dried up streams.” The number seven suggests totality and completeness. Here it indicates that God’s provision for escape will be thorough and more than capable of accommodating the returning exiles.
[11:16] 25 tn Heb “and there will be a highway for the remnant of his people who remain, from Assyria.”
[11:16] 26 tn Heb “in the day” (so KJV).
[24:17] 27 tn Heb “[are] upon you, O inhabitant of the earth.” The first line of v. 17 provides another classic example of Hebrew wordplay. The names of the three instruments of judgment (פָח,פַחַת,פַּחַד [pakhad, fakhat, fakh]) all begin with the letters פח (peh-khet) and the first two end in dental consonants (ת/ד, tet/dalet). Once again the repetition of sound draws attention to the statement and contributes to the theme of the inescapability of judgment. As their similar-sounding names suggest, terror, pit, and snare are allies in destroying the objects of divine wrath.
[24:18] 28 tn The verb that introduces this verse serves as a discourse particle and is untranslated; see note on “in the future” in 2:2.
[24:18] 29 tn Heb “from the height”; KJV “from on high.”
[24:18] 30 sn The language reflects the account of the Noahic Flood (see Gen 7:11).
[24:19] 31 tn Once more repetition is used to draw attention to a statement. In the Hebrew text each lines ends with אֶרֶץ (’erets, “earth”). Each line also uses a Hitpolel verb form from a geminate root preceded by an emphatic infinitive absolute.
[24:20] 32 tn Heb “staggering, staggers.” The Hebrew text uses the infinitive absolute before the finite verb for emphasis and sound play.
[24:20] 33 tn The words “in a windstorm” are supplied in the translation to clarify the metaphor.
[24:21] 34 tn Or “in that day” (so KJV). The verb that introduces this verse serves as a discourse particle and is untranslated; see note on “in the future” in 2:2.
[24:21] 35 tn Heb “visit [in judgment].”
[24:21] 36 tn Heb “the host of the height in the height.” The “host of the height/heaven” refers to the heavenly luminaries (stars and planets, see, among others, Deut 4:19; 17:3; 2 Kgs 17:16; 21:3, 5; 23:4-5; 2 Chr 33:3, 5) that populate the divine/heavenly assembly in mythological and prescientific Israelite thought (see Job 38:7; Isa 14:13).
[24:22] 37 tn Heb “they will be gathered [in] a gathering [as] a prisoner in a cistern.” It is tempting to eliminate אֲסֵפָה (’asefah, “a gathering”) as dittographic or as a gloss, but sound repetition is one of the main characteristics of the style of this section of the chapter.
[24:22] 38 tn Heb “and after a multitude of days.”
[24:22] 39 tn Heb “visited” (so KJV, ASV). This verse can mean to visit for good or for evil. The translation assumes the latter, based on v. 21a. However, BDB 823 s.v. פָּקַד B.Niph.2 suggests the meaning “visit graciously” here, in which case one might translate “they will be released.”
[24:23] 40 tn Heb “will be ashamed.”
[24:23] 41 tn Or “glow of the sun.”
[24:23] 42 tn Heb “will be ashamed” (so NCV).
[24:23] 43 tn Or “take his throne,” “become king.”
[24:23] 44 map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.
[24:23] 45 tn Heb “and before his elders [in] splendor.”
[49:23] 46 tn Heb “your,” but Zion here stands by metonymy for her children (see v. 22b).
[49:23] 47 tn Heb “you.” See the preceding note.
[49:23] 48 tn Or “at your feet” (NAB, NIV); NLT “from your feet.”
[49:24] 49 tc The Hebrew text has צָדִיק (tsadiq, “a righteous [one]”), but this makes no sense in the parallelism. The Qumran scroll 1QIsaa reads correctly עריץ (“violent [one], tyrant”; see v. 25).
[49:26] 50 sn Verse 26a depicts siege warfare and bloody defeat. The besieged enemy will be so starved they will their own flesh. The bloodstained bodies lying on the blood-soaked battle site will look as if they collapsed in drunkenness.
[49:26] 51 tn Heb “flesh” (so KJV, NASB).
